^{Psychoactive plants Project}

Publications and Presentations

The following is a list of publications and presentations of research connected to the Psychoactive Plant Project. Additional publications will be added on an ongoing basis.

Publications

Brownstein, Korey J., Shannon Tushingham, William J. Damitio, Tung Nguyen, and David R. Gang
2020	An ancient residue metabolomics-based method to distinguish use of closely related plant species in ancient pipes. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences—Metabolomics. In press. DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00133

Tushingham, Shannon, Jelmer W. Eerkens, Anna Berim, Korey J. Brownstein, and David R. Gang
2020	Age and Gender Dynamics of Tobacco Use: Residue Analysis of Dental Calculus and Archaeological Pipes. In Protohistoric Village Organization and Territorial Maintenance: The Archaeology of Síi Túupentak (CA-ALA-565/H) in the San Francisco Bay Area, by Brian F. Byrd, Laurel Engbring, Michael Darcangelo and Allika Ruby, pp. 345–358. Center for Archaeological Research at Davis Monograph 20.

Tushingham, Shannon, William J. Damitio, Anna Berim, Jelmer W. Eerkens, David R. Gang
2020	Residue Analysis of Dental Calculus. In Archaeological Data Recovery at Rummey Ta Kuččuwiš Tiprectak (CA-ALA-704/H), Sunol Long-term Improvements Project, Alameda County, California. Volume 1: Project Summary and Native American Archaeology, by Byrd, Brian F., Laurel Engbring, and Michael Darcangelo, pp. 278–298. Report prepared by Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Davis, CA. Prepared for: San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, report on file Northwest Information Center, Sonoma State University.

Hagen, Edward H., and Shannon Tushingham
2019	The Prehistory of Psychoactive Drug Use. In Cognitive Archaeology: Psychology in Pre-History, edited by Tracy B. Henley, Matthew Rossano, and Edward Kardas. Routledge, New York.

Tushingham, Shannon, Charles M. Snyder, Korey J. Brownstein, William J. Damitio, and David R. Gang
2018	Biomolecular Archaeology Reveals Ancient Origins of Indigenous Tobacco Smoking in North American Plateau. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115(46):11742–11747. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1813796115.

Eerkens, Jelmer W., Shannon Tushingham, Korey J. Brownstein, Ramona Garibay, Katherine Perez, Engel Murga, Phil Kaijankoski, Jeffrey S. Rosenthal, and David R. Gang
2018	Dental Calculus as a Source of Ancient Alkaloids: Detection of Nicotine by LC-MS in Calculus Samples from the Americas. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 18:509–515. DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2018.02.004.

Tushingham, S., J. W. Eerkens, K. J. Brownstein, and D. R. Gang
2018	Age and Gender Dynamics of Tobacco Use: Residue Analysis of Dental Calculus and Archaeological Pipes at Sii Tuupentak (CA-LA-565), Sunol, California. In Protohistoric Village Organization and Territorial Maintenance: Archaeological Data Recovery at Síi Túupentak (CA-ALA-565/H), by Brian F. Byrd, Laurel Engbring, Michael Darcangelo, Allika Ruby, pp. 407–420. Report prepared by Far Western Anthropological Research Group, Davis, California. Onfile at the San Francisco Planning and the Northwest Information Center, California.

Bollwerk, Elizabeth, and Shannon Tushingham
2016	Expanding Perspectives on the Archaeology of Pipes, Tobacco and other Smoke Plants in the Ancient Americas. In Perspectives on the Archaeology of Pipes, Tobacco and other Smoke Plants in the Ancient Americas, edited by E. Bollwerk and S. Tushingham, pp. 1–12. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology. Springer International Publishing, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23552-3_1.

Tushingham, Shannon, and Jelmer W. Eerkens
2016	Hunter-Gatherer Tobacco Smoking in Ancient North America: Current Chemical Evidence and a Framework for Future Studies. In Perspectives on the Archaeology of Pipes, Tobacco and other Smoke Plants in the Ancient Americas, edited by E. Bollwerk and Shannon Tushingham, pp. 211–230. Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology. Springer International Publishing, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-23552-3_12

Tushingham, Shannon
2015	Tobacco. In The Archaeology of Food: An Encyclopedia, edited by Mary Beaudry and Karen Metheny, pp. 501–505. Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland.

Tushingham, Shannon, Dominique ArduraG, Jelmer Eerkens, Mine Palazoglu, Sevini Shahbaz, and Oliver Fiehn
2013	Hunter-Gatherer Tobacco Smoking: Earliest Evidence from the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(2):1397–1407. DOI: 10.1016/j.jas.2012.09.019

*Dr. Brownstein with several species of experimentally grown plants. These and other plants were grown in a greenhouse for experimental smoking and metabolomic analysis.*

Nicotiana quadrivalvus and pipes — *Illustrations of tobacco and several Columbia Plateau pipes that were tested for nicotine by Tushingham and colleagues, the results of which were reported in their 2018* PNAS *paper.*

Yokuts woman smoking pipe - Maggie Icho 1945 - Wikchamni - Clifford Relander photo — *A Yokuts woman smoking a pipe, c. 1945. Research by members of the Psychoactive Plants Project has explored traditional smoking practices in coastal California.*

Conference and Other Presentations

Damitio, William J., Shannon Tushingham, Korey J. Brownstein, and David R. Gang
2019	Tobacco Smoking in Northwestern North America: Synthesizing the Results of Organic Chemical Residue Analyses. Poster presented at the 84th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology. Download Poster.

Damitio, William J., and Shannon Tushingham
2019	The Archaeology of Smoking in Northwestern North America: Synthesis of Archaeological Pipe Data and Evidence from Chemical Residue Studies. Paper presented at the 72nd Northwest Anthropological Conference, Kennewick, Washington.

Ellyson, Laura, Shannon Tushingham, and David Gang
2019	Experimental Beverage Brewing of T. cacao and I. vomitoria: Palmitodiolen as an Additional Biomarker? Paper presented at the 72nd Northwest Anthropological Conference, Kennewick, Washington.

Rumberger, Jacklyn D., Shannon Tushingham, Anna Berim, and David R. Gang
2019	Drunk on Cacao: Experimental Testing of Residue Chemical Compounds of Fermented Cacao Pulp and Cacao Beans. Paper presented at the 72nd Northwest Anthropological Conference, Kennewick, Washington.

Zavala, Brisa Sanchez, Shannon Tushingham, Anna Berim, Jorgen Gang, and David Gang
2019	Preliminary Residue Analysis of Created Molcaxitl Artifacts. Paper presented at the 72nd Northwest Anthropological Conference, Kennewick, Washington.




Zimmermann, M., K. Brownstein, L. R. Pantoja Díaz, S. Hudson, S. Tushingham, and D. R. Gang
2018	Snuffing among the Ancient Maya: A Metabolomic Approach to "Venom Bottle" Contents. Poster presented at the 42nd International Symposium on Archaeometry, Mérida, Yucatán.

Tushingham, Shannon, Korey Brownstein, William Damitio, Jelmer Eerkens, and David Gang
2017	Tobacco Use Patterns among Tribal Communities in The Pacific Northwest: Long Term Trajectories and Implications for Modern Health Initiatives. Paper presented at the 70th Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane.

Hanson, Sydney, Shannon Tushingham, Korey Brownstein, David R. Gang
2017	Extraction of Rice Residues from Experimental Potsherds. Paper presented at the 70th Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane.

Frierson, Andrew, Korey Brownstein, Shannon Tushingham, David Gang
2017	Proteomic Residue Analysis of Stone Tools and Implications for Future Research. Paper presented at the 70th Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane.

Phillips, Lori, Steven Hackenberger, Shannon Tushingham, Korey Brownstein, David R. Gang
2017	From their Pipes to Curicaueri: Tobacco Use Among the Ancient Tarascans. Paper presented at the 70th Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane.

Devio, Jessica, Shannon Tushingham, Korey Brownstein, David R. Gang
2017	Ancient Cacao Recipes: An Experimental Approach to Identify Recipe Variation in the Archaeological Record. Paper presented at the 70th Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane.

Damitio, William J., Shannon Tushingham, Korey Brownstein, And David R. Gang
2017	A Chemical Residue Analysis of Pre-Contact Smoking Pipes from Three Mid-Columbian Sites. Paper presented at the 70th Northwest Anthropological Conference, Spokane.

Damitio, William J., and Shannon Tushingham
2017	Pipes and Smoking in Pre-Contact Pacific Northwest North America. Poster presented at the Society for American Archaeology Annual Meeting, Vancouver. Download Poster.

Tushingham, Shannon, Korey Brownstein and David Gang
2016	Sacred Psychoactives: Tracking the Use and Spread of Medicinal and Ceremonial Plants through Metabolomics Research in the Ancient Americas and Beyond. Paper presented at the World Archaeological Congress, Kyoto, Japan.

Tushingham, Shannon, and David Gang
2016	Human Use of Psychoactive Plants in Ancient North America: Experimental Method Development and Applications of Metabolomics Research in Archaeological Residue Analysis. Invited paper presented to the University of British Columbia (UBC) Laboratory of Archaeology at the UBC Department of Anthropology.

Tushingham, Shannon, David Gang, and R.G. Matson
2016	Sacred Smoke: Use and Significance of Tobacco and other Smoke Plants by Indigenous Peoples in the Americas. Presentation to Elders Council, Kwantlen Nation, June 6.

Tushingham, Shannon
2015	Psychoactive plant use in the Americas: Methodological Advances and Current Directions. Invited seminar presented at the University of Chile, sponsored by Proyecto FONDECYT 1121097 Los complejos fumatorios del Período Alfarero Temprano en Chile semiárido y centro-sur: un estudio multidisciplinario, Santiago, Chile.

Theses and Dissertations

Brownstein, Korey J.
2018	Using Metabolomics to Investigate Native American Medicinal Plants and Their Uses. Ph.D. dissertation. Molecular Plant Sciences Program, Washington State University, Pullman.

Damitio, William J.
2018	Pipes and Smoking in Precontact Northwest Societies. Unpublished Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman.

Snyder, Charles M., Jr.
2016	Culture, Health, and Hope: Exploring Historical Trauma, Syndemics, and the Application of Anthropology to Reducing Disparities in Native American Health. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman.