{"id":15,"date":"2016-08-29T10:18:00","date_gmt":"2016-08-29T17:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/?page_id=15"},"modified":"2019-07-19T16:13:19","modified_gmt":"2019-07-19T23:13:19","slug":"publications","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/publications\/","title":{"rendered":"Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"<br \/>\n<section id=\"builder-section-1472490545702\" class=\"row single gutter pad-top\">\n<div style=\"\" class=\"column one \">\n<h1>Publications<\/h1>\n<p><strong>Quick Links:<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"#Ref-Journal-Articles\">Refereed Journal Articles<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"#Conf-Papers-Present\">Conference Papers &amp; Presentations\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Abstracts\">Abstracts\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Ext-Pubs\">Extension Publications<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"Ref-Journal-Articles\"><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h3>Refereed\u00a0Journals Articles<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>S.S. Coulibaly, M. Apasiku, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, I. A. Bi Zoro. 2019. Growth, reproduction, and life cycle of Eudrilus eugeniae in cocoa and cashew residues. Applied Soil Ecology 143, 153-160.<\/li>\n<li>Zeb, I., J. Ma, Q. Zhao, F. Mehboob, G.K. Kafle, A. Yaqub, R. Nazir, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, C. Frear. 2019. Kinetic and microbial analysis of methane production from dairy wastewater anaerobic digester under ammonia and salinity stresses. J. Cleaner Production 219(10): 797-808.<\/li>\n<li>Woodbury, B.L., R.A. Eigenberg, H.G. Minns, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2018. Data Analysis Protocol for Using Resistivity Array as an Early-Warning Wastewater Pond Leak Detector. Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics 23(2), 251-260.<\/li>\n<li>Kafle, G.K, H.S. Joo, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2018. Sampling duration and frequency for determining emission rates for naturally ventilated dairy barns. Trans. of ASABE 61(2), 681-691.<\/li>\n<li>Zeb, I., J. Ma, C. Frear, Q. Zhao, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, Y. Yao, G.K. Kafle. 2017. Recycling separated liquid-effluent to dilute feedstock in anaerobic digestion of dairy manure. Energy 119, 1144-1151.<\/li>\n<li>Neerackal, G.M., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H. S. Joo, J. H. Harrison. 2017. Manure-pH management for mitigating ammonia emissions from dairy barns and liquid manure storages. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 33(2), 235-242.<\/li>\n<li>Wenlong, C., V. Vaddella, S. Biswas, K. Perkins, C. Clay, T. Wu, Y. Zheng, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, P. Pandey. 2016. Assessing the changes in <em>E. coli<\/em> levels and nutrient dynamics during vermicomposting of food waste under lab and field scale conditions. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 23(22):23195-23202.<\/li>\n<li>Khalil, T.M., S.S. Higgins, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, C.S. Frear, C.O. St\u00f6ckle. 2016. Assessing the effect of different treatments on decomposition rate of dairy manure. Journal of Environmental Management. 182:230-237.<\/li>\n<li>Wang, X., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, G.M. Neerackal, C.O. St\u00f6ckle, H. Liu, J.H. Harrison. 2016. Indirect method versus direct method for measuring ventilation rates in naturally ventilated dairy houses. Biosystems Engineering 144: 13-25.<\/li>\n<li>Neerackal, G.M., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, X. Wang, C.S. Frear, J.H. Harrison, M.W. Beutel. 2016. Potential application of <em>Alcaligenes faecalis<\/em> strain No. 4 in mitigating ammonia emissions from dairy wastewater. Bioresource Technology 206: 36-42.<\/li>\n<li>Wang, X., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, G.M. Neerackal, J.H. Harrison, C.O. St\u00f6ckle, H. Liu. 2016. Reliable Low-cost devices for monitoring ammonia concentrations and emissions in naturally ventilated dairy barns. Environmental Pollution 208(B): 571-579.<\/li>\n<li>Chen, Y., J.H. Harrison, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, D. Wilks, L. VanWieringen, W. Chalupa, F. Sun. 2016. Case Study: Effect of strategic ration balancing on the efficiency of milk protein production and environmental impact of dairy cows in a commercial herd. The Professional Animal Scientist 32(1): 115-133.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, X. Wang, A.J. Heber, J.-Q. Ni, E.L. Cortus, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, B.W. Bogan, L. Chai. 2015. Ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations and emissions for naturally-ventilated freestall dairy barns. Trans. ASABE\u00a058(5): 1321-131.<\/li>\n<li>Neerackal, G.M., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, X. Wang, J.H. Harrison, A.J. Heber, J.-Q. Ni, C. Frear. 2015. Effects of anaerobic digestion and solids separation on ammonia emissions from stored and land applied dairy manure. Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution 226(9):301.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S., K. Park, K. Lee, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2015. Mass concentration coupled with mass loading rate for evaluating PM<sub>2.5 <\/sub>pollution status in the atmosphere: a case study based on dairy barns. Environmental Pollution 207: 374-380.<\/li>\n<li>Page, L.H., J.-Q. Ni, H. Zhang, A.J. Heber, N.S. Mosier, X. Liu, H.-S. Joo, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J.H. Harrison. 2015. Reduction of volatile fatty acids and odor offensiveness by anaerobic digestion and solid separation of dairy manure during manure storage. J. Environmental Management. 152, 91-98.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A.J. Heber, B.W. Bogan, J.-Q. Ni, E.L. Cortus<sub>, <\/sub>J.C., Ramirez-Dorronsoro. 2015. Greenhouse gas emissions from naturally ventilated freestall dairy barns. Atmospheric Environment 102: 384\u2013392.<\/li>\n<li>Sun, F., J.H. Harrison, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, K. Johnson. 2014. Effect of manure treatment on ammonia emissions during storage under ambient environment. Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution 225(9).<\/li>\n<li>Koirala, K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, C. Frear, C.O. Stockle, J.H. Harrison. 2014. Effects of suspended solids characteristics and concentration on ammonia emission process from liquid dairy manure. Trans. ASABE 57(2): 661-668.<\/li>\n<li>Sun, F., J.H. Harrison, <b>P.M. Ndegwa<\/b>, K. Johnson. 2014. Effect of manure treatment on ammonia and greenhouse gases emissions following surface application. Water, Air, &amp; Soil Pollution 225(4): 1923.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A.J. Heber, J.-Q. Ni, B.W. Bogan, E.L. Cortus, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro. 2014. A direct method of measuring gaseous emissions from naturally ventilated dairy barns. Atmospheric Environment. 86: 176-186 (<a href=\"http:\/\/bsyse.wsu.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/Method-Paper-in-Atm-Environ.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Page, L.H., J.-Q. Ni, A.J. Heber, N.S. Mosier, X. Liu, H.-S. Joo, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J.H. Harrison. 2014. Characteristics of volatile fatty acids in stored dairy manure before and after anaerobic digestion. Biosystems Engineering 118: 16-28 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-58.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Koirala, K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, C. Frear, C.O. Stockle, J.H. Harrison. 2013. Impact of anaerobic digestion of liquid dairy manure on ammonia volatilization process. Transactions of the ASABE 56(5): 1959-1966 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-57.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A.J. Heber, J.-Q. Ni, B.W. Bogan, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E.L. Cortus. 2013. Particulate matter dynamics in naturally ventilated freestall dairy barns. Atmospheric Environment. 69: 182-190 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-56.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Vaddella, V.K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A. Jiang, J.L. Ullman. 2013. Mass transfer coefficients of ammonia for liquid dairy manure. Atmospheric Environment 66: 107-113 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-55.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Liaw, S.S., Z. Wang, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, C. Frear, S. Ha, C.Z. Li, M. Garcia-Perez. 2012. Effect of Temperature on the Yield and properties of Bio-oils Obtained from the Auger Pyrolysis of Douglas Fir Wood. Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 93:52-62.<\/li>\n<li>Vaddella, V.K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo. 2011. Ammonia loss from simulated post-collection storage of scraped and flushed dairy-cattle manure. Biosystems Engineering 110:291-296 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/article-54.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Pandey, P.K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, R. Alldredge, M. Pitts. 2011. Efficacies of inocula on the startup of anaerobic reactors treating dairy manure under stirred and unstirred conditions. Biomass and Bioenergy 35:2705-2720 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-52.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Vaddella, V.K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A. Jiang. 2011. An Empirical model for ammonium ion dissociation in liquid dairy manure. Trans. of the ASABE 54(3):1119-1126 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-53.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Hristov, A.N., M. Hanigan, A. Cole, R. Todd, T. McAllister, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A. Rotz. 2011. Ammonia emissions from dairy farms and beef feedlots: A review. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91:1-35 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-51.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Vaddella, V.K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H. Joo, and J.L. Ullman. 2010. Impact of Separating Dairy Cattle Excretions on Ammonia Emissions. J. Environ. Qual. 39:1807-1812 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-1.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Angle, M., A.N. Hristov, A.N., S. Zaman, C. Schneider, <strong>P. M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, V.K. Vaddella. 2010. Effect of dietary concentrate on rumen fermentation, digestibility, and nitrogen in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93:4211-4222 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-2.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Pandey, P.K., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, R. Alldredge, M. Pitts. 2010. Modeling effects of granules on the start-up of anaerobic digestion of dairy wastewater with Langmuir and Extended Freundlich Equations. Bioprocess and Biosyst Engineering 33:833-845 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-3.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Angle, M., A.N. Hristov, A.N., S. Zaman, C. Schneider, <strong>P. M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, V.K. Vaddella. 2010. The effect of ruminally degraded protein on rumen fermentation and ammonia losses from manure in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 93(4):1625-1637 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-4.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>) .<\/li>\n<li>Hristov, A.N., S. Zaman, M. Vander Pol, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, L. Campbell, S. Silva. 2009. Nitrogen Losses from Dairy Manure Estimated Through Nitrogen Mass Balance and Chemical Markers. J. Environ. Qual. 38:2438-2448 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-5.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, V. Vaddella, A.N. Hristov, H.S. Joo. 2009. Measuring concentrations of ammonia in ambient air or exhaust air stream using acid traps. J. Environmental Quality 38:647-653 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-6.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, M. Shoda, C. Phae. 2008. Bioremediation of oil-contaminated soil using <em>Candida catenulata<\/em> and foodwaste. Environmental Pollution 156(3):891-896 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-8.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, A.N. Hristov, J. Arogo, R.E. Sheffield. 2008. A review of ammonia emissions mitigation techniques for concentrated animal feeding operations. Biosyst. Engineering 100(4):453-469 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-9.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, D.W. Hamilton, J.A. Lalman, H.J. Cumba. 2008. Effects of cycle-frequency and temperature on the performance of anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (ASBRs) treating swine waste. Bioresource Technology 99(6):1972-1980 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-10.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Chowdhury, N., J. A. Lalman, R. Seth, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2007. Biohydrogen production by mesophilic anaerobic of glucose in the presence of linoleic acid. Environmental Engineering-ASCE 133(12):1145-1152 .<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, L. Wang, V.K. Vaddella. 2007. Potential strategies for process control and monitoring of stabilization of dairy wastewaters in batch aerobic treatments systems. Process Biochemistry 42(9): 1272-1278 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-12.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, L. Wang, V.K. Vaddella. 2007. Stabilization of dairy wastewater using limited-aeration treatments in batch reactors. Biosystems Engineering 97(3):379-385 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-13.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Templer J, J.A. Lalman, N. Jing, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2006. Influence of C18 long chain fatty acids on hydrogen metabolism. Biotechnology Progress 22(1):199-207 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-14.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., A. Luo, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2006. Effect of microbial additives combined with aeration on reduction of nutrients in swine manure. Trans. of the ASABE 49(1):203-280 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-15.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Hamilton, D.W., I.N. Kourtchev, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.J. Cumba. 2006. Methane and carbon dioxide emissions from simulated anaerobic swine manure treatment lagoons under summer conditions. Trans. of the ASABE 49(1):157-165 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-16.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, D.W. Hamilton, J.A. Lalman, H.J. Cumba. 2005. Optimization of Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactors (ASBRs) Treating Dilute Swine Slurries.Trans. of the ASAE 48(4):1575-1583 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-17.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>) .<\/li>\n<li>Zhu J., Luo, A., Zhou, Y., <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, Schmidt, D.R. 2004. The Age Effect of Dairy Feedlots on Manure Nutrient Seepage in Loam Soils. Biosystems Eng. 89(2):223-229 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-18.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, 2004. Solids Separation Enhances Reduction of Organic Strength of Swine Manure Subjected to Aeration Treatments. Trans. of the ASAE 47(5):1659-1666 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-19.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., A. Luo, Y. Zhou, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, D. Schmidt. 2004. Nutrient Seepage from Operating Turkey Buildings with a Litter System. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 155(1-4):87-101 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-20.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2004. Limitations of Orthophosphates Removal during Anaerobic Batch Treatment of Piggery Slurry. Biosystems Engineering 87(2):201-208 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-21.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, Z. Zhang. 2004. Manure Sampling Procedures and Nutrient Estimation by the Hydrometer Method for Gestation Pigs. Bioresource Technology 92(3):243-250 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-22.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2003. Effects of Bioreactor Temperature and Time on Odor-Related Parameters in Aerated Swine Manure Slurries. J. Environ. Technology 24(8):1007-1016 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-23.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>) .<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo, D.W. Hamilton. 2003. Enhanced Phosphorus Removal from Swine Manure in Aerated Batch Reactors. Trans. of the ASAE 46(3): 797-803 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-24.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, A. Luo. 2003. Temperature Effects on Pig Manure under Low-Level Batch Aeration. The International Journal of Environ. Studies 60(5): 523-533.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu. 2003. Sampling Procedures for Piggery Slurry in Deep Pits for Estimation of Nutrient Content. Biosystems Engineering 85(2):239-248 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-26.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2003. Solids Separation Coupled With Batch-Aeration Treatment For Odor Control From Liquid Swine Manure. J. Environ. Sci. Health B38(5): 631-643 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-27.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., Z. Zhang, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2003. Using a Soil Hydrometer to Measure the Nitrogen and Phosphorus Contents in Pig Slurries. Biosystems Engineering 85(1):121-128 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-28.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2003. Discussions and Closure to \u201cEffects of Solids Levels and Chemical Additives on Removal of Solids and Phosphorus in Swine Manure\u201d. J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE 129(5):485-487 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-29.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J.,<strong> Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, Z. Zhang. 2003. Settling Characteristics of Nursery Pig Manure and Nutrient Estimation by the Hydrometer Method. J. Environ. Sci. Health B38(3):379-390 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-30.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., A. Luo, Y. Zhou, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, D. Schmidt. 2002. Barn Age Impact on Nutrient Leaching from Turkey Barns Built on Clay Loam Soils. Trans. of the ASAE 45(6):1971-1976 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-31.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2002. Influence of temperature and time on phosphorus removal in swine manure during batch aeration. J. Environ. Sci. Health B38(1):73-87 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-32.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Luo, A., J. Zhu, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2002. Influence of anaerobic pre-conditioning on phosphorus removal in swine manure by aeration. J. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 140(1-4):219-230 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-33.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2002. Stratification of Solids, Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Swine Manure in Deep Pits Under Slatted Floors. Bioresour. Techno. 83(3):203-211 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-34.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, A. Luo. 2002. Bacterial Responses to Temperature during Aeration of Pig Slurry. J. Environ. Sci. Health B37(3):265 \u2013 275 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-35.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Luo, A., J. Zhu, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2002. Removal of Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus in Pig Manure by Continuous and Intermittent Aeration at Low Redox Potentials. Biosystems Eng. 82(2):209-215 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-36.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2002. Effects of Solids Separation and Time on the Production of Odorous Compounds in Stored Pig Slurry. Biosyst. Engineering 81(1): 127-133 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-37.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Thompson, S.A, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, W.C. Merka, A. B. Webster. 2001. Reduction in Manure Weight and Volume Using an In-House Layer Manure Composting System under Field Conditions. Applied Poultry Research 10(3):255-261 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-38.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, A. Luo. 2001. Effect of solid-liquid separation on BOD and VFAs in swine manure. J. Environmental Technology 22(10): 1237-1243 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-39.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2001. Effect of Batch Aeration-Treatment on the Solubility of Phosphorus in Pig Manure<em>. <\/em>J. Agricultural Engineering Res. 80(4): 365-371 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-40.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., A. Luo, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2001. Raising pH by Low Level Aeration for Soluble Phosphorus Removal from Swine Manure. Trans. of the ASAE 44:391-396 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-41.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2001. Effects of Solids Levels and Chemical Additives on Removal of Solids and Phosphorus in Swine Manure. J. Environmental Engineering-ASCE 127(12):1111-1115 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-42.pdf\">PDF Full <\/a>Text) .<\/li>\n<li>Luo, A., J. Zhu, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2001. Phosphorus Transformations in Swine Manure during continuous and intermittent Aeration Processes. Trans. of the ASAE 44(4):967-972 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-43.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, S.A.Thompson. 2001. Integrating Composting and Vermicomposting in the Treatment and Bioconversion of Biosolids. Bioresource Techno. 76(2):107-112 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-44.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., A. Luo, <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2001. The Effect of Limited Aeration on Swine Manure Phosphorus Removal. J. Environ. Sci. Health B36(2):209-218 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-45.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, S.A.Thompson. 2000. Effects of C-to-N Ratio on Vermicomposting of Biosolids. Bioresource Technology 75(1):7-12 (<a href=\"http:\/\/bsyse.wsu.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Article-46.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., <strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, A. Luo. 2000. Changes in Swine Manure Solid Components During Storage Relating to Separation Efficiency. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 16(5): 571-575 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-47.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, S. A. Thompson, W. C. Merka. 2000. A Dynamic Simulation Model of in-situ Composting of Caged-Layers\u2019 Manure. Compost Sci. &amp; Utilization 8(3):190-202 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-48.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, S.A.Thompson, K.C. Das. 1999. Effects of Stocking Density and Feeding Level on Vermicomposting of Biosolids. Bioresource Technology 71(1): 5-12 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-49.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, S. A. Thompson, W. C. Merka. 1991. Fractionation of Poultry Litter for Enhanced Utilization. Trans. of the ASAE 34(3):992-997 (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/Article-50.pdf\">PDF Full Text<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"Conf-Papers-Present\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quick Links:<br \/>\n<\/strong><a href=\"#Ref-Journal-Articles\">Refereed Journal Articles<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"#Conf-Papers-Present\">Conference Papers &amp; Presentations\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Abstracts\">Abstracts\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Ext-Pubs\">Extension Publications<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Conference Papers &amp; Presentations<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Coulibary, S.S. Y. Yao, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2019. Coupling anaerobic digestion and vermicomposting to extract bioenergy and nutrients from food- and yard-waste. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Submission #1 1901640; Boston, Massachusetts, July 07 \u2013 10.<\/li>\n<li>Zeb, I., G.K. Kafle, X. Xue, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2019 Enhanced biogas yield in anaerobic sequencing batch reactors using a cationic polymer. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Submission # 1901822; Boston, Massachusetts, July 07 \u2013 10.<\/li>\n<li>Alege, F.P, L.E. DeVetter, H. Tao, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2019 Enhanced biogas yield in anaerobic sequencing batch reactors using a cationic polymer. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Submission # 1900907; Boston, Massachusetts, July 07 \u2013 10.<\/li>\n<li>Kafle, G., L. Khot<strong>, P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, I. Zeb. 2018. Identification of potential near infrared spectral bands for rapid sensing of dairy manure nutrients. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Paper #1700422; Spokane, Washington, July 15 \u2013 19.<\/li>\n<li>Kafle, G., H. Joo, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2018. Sampling duration and frequency to obtain credible emission factors for naturally ventilated dairy barns. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Paper #1701197; Spokane, Washington, July 15 \u2013 19.<\/li>\n<li>Xue, X., G. Kafle, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2018. Balancing C\/N ratio for mitigating ammonia emissions from dairy manure with A. faecalis strain No. 4. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Paper #1701206; Spokane, Washington, July 15 \u2013 19.<\/li>\n<li>Kafle, G., L. Khot, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2016. Evaluation of near infrared spectroscopy for rapid sensing of dairy manure nutrients. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Orlando, Florida, July 17 &#8211; 20.<\/li>\n<li>Zeb, I., J. Ma, C. Frear, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2016. Separated-effluent recycling in the anaerobic digestion process: effects of ammonia and salinity. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Orlando, Florida, July 17 &#8211; 20.<\/li>\n<li>Zeb, I., G.K. Kafle, X. Xue, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2016. Modelling ammonia inhibition for anaerobic digestion of dairy manure with acclimated and un-acclimated seed. Presented at ASABE Annual Intl Conference. Orlando, Florida, July 17 &#8211; 20.<\/li>\n<li>Wang, X., H.S. Joo, G.M. Neerackal, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2015. Direct versus indirect methods for ventilation rates measurement in naturally ventilated livestock buildings. ASABE Annual International Conference. Paper number 152188289; New Orleans, Louisiana, July 26 \u2013 July 29.<\/li>\n<li>Wang, X., H.S. Joo, G.M. Neerackal, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, L. Yu, Y. Ma, H. Liu. 2015. A Simplified Direct Method for Determining Ventilation Rates in Naturally Ventilated Dairy Barns. ASABE Annual International Conference. Paper number 125188315; New Orleans, Louisiana, July 26 \u2013 July 29.<\/li>\n<li>Wang, X., H.S. Joo, G.M. Neerackal, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J.H. Harrison. 2015. Passive Samplers for Monitoring Ammonia Emissions in Naturally Ventilated Dairy Barns. ASABE Annual International Conference. Paper number 125188318; New Orleans, Louisiana, July 26 \u2013 July 29.<\/li>\n<li>G.M. Neerackal, H.S. Joo, X. Wang, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2015. Enhanced Biological Treatment for Mitigating Ammonia and Odor Emissions from Dairy Wastewaters. ASABE Annual International Conference. Paper number 152186218; New Orleans, Louisiana, July 26 \u2013 July 29.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S., <b>P.M. Ndegwa<\/b>, A.J. Heber, B.W. Bogan, J.-Q. Ni, E.L. Cortus<sub>, <\/sub>J.C., Ramirez-Dorronsoro. 2014. A direct measurement of gaseous emissions from naturally ventilated dairy barns. ASABE and CSBE\/SCGAB Annual International Conference. Paper number 1895745; Montreal, Quebec, Canada, July 13 \u2013 17.<\/li>\n<li>Neerackal, G.M., H.S. Joo, <b>P.M. Ndegwa,<\/b> J.H. Harrison. 2014. Manure-pH management for mitigating ammonia emissions from manure-flush dairy barns. ASABE and CSBE\/SCGAB Annual International Meeting. Paper number 1892636; Montreal, Quebec, Canada, July 13-17.<\/li>\n<li>Joo H.,\u00a0<strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A. Heber, J. Ni, B. Bogan, J. Ramirez-Dorrons, E. Cortus. 2013. Emissions of Greenhouse Gases from Naturally Ventilated Freestall Dairy Barns. Paper number 131593425, ASABE Annual International Conference, July 21-24; Kansas City, Missouri.<\/li>\n<li>Wang X., H. S Joo, G. Neerackal,\u00a0<strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J. Harrison, A. Heber, J. Ni. 2013. Effects of Anaerobic Digestion and Application Methods on Ammonia Emission from Land Applied Dairy Manure. Paper number 131593443, ASABE Annual International Conference, July 21-24; Kansas City, Missouri.<\/li>\n<li>Neerackal G., H. S Joo, X. Wang,\u00a0<strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J. Harrison, A. Heber, J. Ni. 2013. Impacts of Anaerobic Digestion and Solids Separation on Ammonia Emissions from Stored Dairy Manure. Paper number 131593586, 2013 ASABE Annual International Conference; July 21-24; Kansas City, Missouri.<\/li>\n<li>Koirala K., H. Joo, C. Frear, J. Harrison, C. Stockle,\u00a0<strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2013. Influence of Suspended Solids Characteristics on Ammonia Volatilization Mechanism from Liquid Dairy Manure. Paper number 131593399, ASABE Annual International Conference; July 21-24; Kansas City, Missouri.<\/li>\n<li>Koirala K., H. Joo,\u00a0<strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, C. Frear, C. Stockle, J. Harrison. 2013. Influence of Anaerobic Digestion of Dairy Manure on Ammonia Volatilization Mechanism. Paper number 131593184, ASABE Annual international Conference; July 21-24; Kansas City, Missouri.<\/li>\n<li>Joo H.,\u00a0<strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, G. Neerackal, X. Wang, J. Harrison, J. Neibergs. 2013. Mitigation of Ammonia, Hydrogen sulfide, and Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Naturally Ventilated Dairy Barns. Paper number 131593447, ASABE Annual International Conference; July 21-24; Kansas City, Missouri.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.J.,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J. Harrison, E.Whitefield, A.J. Heber,J.Q. Ni. Emissions of ammonia and greenhouse gases (GHG) from anaerobically digested and undigested dairy manure systems. Paper number 1337962,\u00a0ASABE Annual International Conference; Dallas, TX, Jul 29 \u2013 Aug 1.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S.,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A.J. Heber, J.Q. Ni, W.W. Bogan, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E. Cortus. 2012. Emissions of Greenhouse Gases from Naturally Ventilated Free-Stall Dairy Barns. Paper number 1337965,\u00a0ASABE Annual International Conference;\u00a0Dallas, TX, Jul 29 \u2013 Aug 1.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S.,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A.J. Heber, J.Q. Ni, W.W. Bogan, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E. Cortus. 2012. Ammonia and Hydrogen Sulfide Emissions from Naturally Ventilated Free-Stall Dairy Barns. Paper number 1337963,\u00a0ASABE Annual International Conference; Dallas, TX, Jul 29 \u2013 Aug 1.<\/li>\n<li>Page, L., J.Q. Ni, A.J. Heber, N.S. Mosier, X. Liu, H.S. Joo, H.S.,<strong>P.M.<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2012. Effect of Anaerobic Digestion on Volatile Fatty Acids in Dairy Manure. Paper number 1110972,\u00a0ASABE Annual International Conference;\u00a0Dallas, TX, Jul 29 \u2013 Aug 1.<\/li>\n<li>Hamilton, D.W., M.T. Steele,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2012. The anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR), an advanced anaerobic digester for dilute live swine production byproducts. Third CIGR International Conference of Agricultural Engineering (CIGR-AgEng2012), Valencia, Spain, July 8-12.<\/li>\n<li>Vaddella, V.K.,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A. Jiang. 2011. A Model for Overall Mass Transfer Coefficient of Ammonia from Dilute Dairy Manure Slurries. Paper number 1110972, ASABE Annual International Meeting<strong>.<\/strong>\u00a0Lousiville, KY, August 7-10.<\/li>\n<li>Joo, H.S.,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, A.J. Heber, J.-Q. Ni, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E.L. Cortus. 2011. Association\u2019s Annual Conf. &amp; Exhibition, to be held in Detroit, MI, June 16-19, 2009. Particulate matter emissions from naturally ventilated free-stall dairy barns. Air &amp; Waste Management Association\u2019s Annual Conf. &amp; Exhibition. Orlando, FL, June 20-24.<\/li>\n<li>V.K. Vaddella,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo. 2010. A Process-based Model for Ammonia Emissions from Storages of Flushed Dairy Manure. ASABE Intl. Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management. Dallas, TX, September 13-15.<\/li>\n<li>V.K. Vaddella,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo. 2010. A Model for Ammonia Dissociation Constant in Dairy Manure. ASABE Intl. Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management. Dallas, TX, September 13-15.<\/li>\n<li>V.K. Vaddella,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo. 2010. A Process-based Model for Ammonia Emissions from Storages of Flushed Dairy Manure. ASABE Annual International Meeting<strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Pittsburg, PA, June 20-23.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, V.K. Vaddella, A.N. Hristov, H.S. Joo. 2009. Revisiting the method for measuring ammonia concentrations in ambient air or exhaust air stream using acid traps. Air &amp; Waste Management Association\u2019s Annual Conf. &amp; Exhibition, to be held in Detroit, MI, June 16-19, 2009.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, A.J. Heber, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E.L. Cortus, J.-Q. Ni, W.W. Bogan. A Method for determining gaseous emissions from naturally ventilated freestall dairy barns. Air &amp; Waste Magt Association\u2019s Annual Conf. &amp; Exhibition, to be held in Detroit, MI, June 16-19, 2009.<\/li>\n<li>V.K. Vaddella,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.S. Joo. 2009. Simulation of ammonia emissions from scraped and flushed dairy manure Post-Collection Storages. ASABE Annual International Meeting<strong>.<\/strong>Reno, Nevada, June 21-24.<\/li>\n<li>V.K. Vaddella,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2009. Ammonia Emissions from Manure Storages using urine-feces separation systems.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>ASABE Annual International Meeting<strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Reno, Nevada, June 21-24.<\/li>\n<li>V.K. Vaddella,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2009. Modeling of convective mass transfer coefficient and dissociation constant for ammonia in dairy wastewater. ASABE Annual International Meeting<strong>.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Reno, Nevada, June 21-24.<\/li>\n<li>Hamilton, D.W., M.E. Murie, A.M.A Khan,\u00a0<strong>P.M Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2008. Vermicomposting of Poultry Litter: Process Optimization. ASABE Paper No: 084896. ASABE International Meeting, Rhode Island Convention Center, Providence, Rhode Island.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, A.N. Hristov, J. Arogo, R.E. Sheffield. 2008. Ammonia emissions mitigation techniques for concentrated animal feeding operations. Mitigation Air Emissions from Animal Feeding Operations: Exploring the advantages, Limitations, and Economics of mitigation technologies. May 19-21, Des Moines, Iowa.<\/li>\n<li>Heber, A.J., B.W. Bogan, J.-Q. Ni, T.T. Lim, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E.L. Cortus, C. A. Diehl, S.M. Hanni, C. Xiao, K.D. Casey, C.A. Gooch, L.D. Jacobson, J. A. Koziel, F.M. Mitloehner,\u00a0<strong>P. M. Ndegwa,<\/strong>\u00a0W. P. Robarge, L. Wang, R. Zhang. 2008. The National Air Emissions Monitoring Study: Overview of Barn Sources. The 8th International Livestock Symposium (ILES VIII), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. 31-Sept. 4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, H.S. Joo, A.J. Heber, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E.L. Cortus, J.-Q. Ni, W.W. Bogan. 2008. A method for Determination of Pollutant Emissions from Naturally Ventilated Freestall Dairy Barns. The 8th International Livestock Symp. (ILES VIII), Iguassu Falls, Brazil, Aug. 31-Sept. 4.<\/li>\n<li>A.N. Hristov, S. Zaman, M. Vander Pol,\u00a0<strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, S. Silva, and C.\u00a0 Kendall. Nitrogen losses from dairy manure estimated through nitrogen mass balance or using markers. 2007 Joint Meeting of ADSA, PSA, AMPA, ASAS. San Antonio, Texas.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, D.W. Hamilton, J.A. Lalman, H.J. Cumba. 2005. Treatment of low strength swine waste using anaerobic sequencing batch reactors (ASBRs). ASAE Paper No. 054081. ASAE International Meeting, Tampa, Florida, USA.<\/li>\n<li>Hamilton, D.W., S.D. Carter,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.J. Cumba. 2005. Emission of nitrogenous gases from simulated swine manure stabilization ponds. ASAE Paper No. 054030. ASAE International Meeting, Tampa, Florida, USA.<\/li>\n<li>Zhu, J., Z. Zhang,\u00a0<strong>P. M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2003. Evaluation of the hydrometer method to determine swine manure nutrient content. Presented and published in proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Animal, Agric. and Food Processing Wastes. Oct. 12-15, 2003, Durham, NC.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M<\/strong>., J. Zhu. 2003. Novel procedures for accurate sampling of swine manures. Presented and published in proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Animal, Agricultural and Food Processing Wastes. October 12-15, 2003, Durham, NC.<\/li>\n<li>Hamilton, D.W, I.N. Kourtchev,<strong>\u00a0P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H.J. Cumba, F. Gioelli. 2003. Simulation of anaerobic\/facultative lagoon performance using a 1,000-liter pilot facility. ASAE Paper No. 034155. ASAE International Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.,<\/strong>\u00a02003.\u00a0 Limitations of orthophosphates removal from swine manure during batch-aeration treatments. ASAE Paper No. 034153. ASAE International Meeting, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.,\u00a0<\/strong>J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2002.\u00a0 Enhanced phosphorus removal in swine manure using aerated batch-reactors. ASAE Paper No. 024097. ASAE-CIGR Congress Annual International Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, USA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.,\u00a0<\/strong>J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2001.\u00a0 Temperature effects on phosphorus removal in swine manure under aeration treatment<em>.<\/em>ASAE Paper No. 012276. ASAE International Meeting, Sacramento, California, USA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.,\u00a0<\/strong>J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2000.\u00a0 Improved handling of swine manure via chemically enhanced natural sedimentation<em>.\u00a0<\/em>ASAE Paper No. 004140. ASAE Intern. Meeting, Milwaukee, WI.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.,\u00a0<\/strong>J. Zhu, A. Luo. 2000. Solids-liquid separation of swine manure for odor control. ASAE Paper No. 004076. ASAE International Meeting, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.<\/li>\n<li>Luo, A., J. Zhu,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>.\u00a0 2000. Fluctuations of phosphorus in swine manure during anaerobic and aerobic processes.\u00a0 ASAE Paper No. 004122.\u00a0 ASAE International Meeting, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.<\/li>\n<li>Luo, A., J. Zhu,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2000. Isolation of bacteria able to utilize odorous compounds as sole carbon and energy source from swine manure.\u00a0 ASAE Paper No. 008003. ASAE International Meeting, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M<\/strong>, S.A. Thompson, W.C. Merka. 1999. A Dynamic simulation model of in-situ composting of caged layers\u2019 manure.\u00a0 Presented at Southern Poultry Science Society Conference on Avian Diseases, January 18-19, 1999 (Abstract S7).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.,<\/strong>\u00a0S.A.Thompson, K.C. Das. 1998. Effects of stocking density and feeding level on vermicomposting of biosolids. Proceedings of Composting in the Southeastern Conference and Expo.\u00a0 Athens, GA, September 9-11<em>.<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\u00a0Thompson, S.A, W.C. Merka,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 1997. In-house deep-litter manure management system. ASAE Paper No.974070.\u00a0 ASAE International Meeting, Minneapolis, MN.<\/li>\n<li>Thompson, S.A., W.C. Merka,\u00a0<strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 1991. Fractionation of poultry litter for enhanced utilization. Presented at Conference on Environmentally Sound Agric. Orlando, FL, 16\u201118 April.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"Abstracts\"><\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Abstracts<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Heber, A.J., B.W. Bogan, J.-Q. Ni, T.T. Lim, J.C. Ramirez-Dorronsoro, E.L. Cortus, C. A. Diehl, S.M. Hanni, C. Xiao, K.D. Casey, C.A. Gooch, L.D. Jacobson, J. A. Koziel, F.M. Mitloehner, <strong>P. M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, W. P. Robarge, L. Wang, R. Zhang. 2008. Methods of Monitoring Barn Emissions in the National Air Emissions Monitoring Study. Air &amp; Waste Management Association (A&amp;WMA), Extended Abstract # 118. One Gateway Center, Third Floor, 420 Fort Duquesne Blvd., Pittsburgh, PA 15222-1435.<\/li>\n<li>A.N. Hristov, S. Zaman, M. Vander Pol, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, S. Silva, and C. Kendall. 2007. Nitrogen losses from dairy manure estimated through nitrogen mass balance or using markers. <strong>J. Dairy Science 90 <\/strong>(Suppl. 1): 162-162.<\/li>\n<li>A.N. Hristov, S. Zaman, M. Vander Pol, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, S. Silva, and C. Kendall. 2007. Nitrogen losses from dairy manure estimated through nitrogen mass balance or using markers. Poultry Science 86(Suppl. 1): 162-162.<\/li>\n<li>A.N. Hristov, S. Zaman, M. Vander Pol, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, S. Silva, and C. Kendall. 2007. Nitrogen losses from dairy manure estimated through nitrogen mass balance or using markers. J. Animal Science 85(Suppl. 1): 162-162.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, S.A.Thompson. 2002. Integrating composting and vermicomposting in the treatment and bioconversion of biosolids, Fuel and Energy Abstracts, 43(2): 120.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, S.A.Thompson, and K.C. Das. 2001. Optimising for worm use. Water21, 62(November\/December): 269<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a name=\"Ext-Pubs\"><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Quick Links:<br \/>\n<\/strong><a href=\"#Ref-Journal-Articles\">Refereed Journal Articles<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"#Conf-Papers-Present\">Conference Papers &amp; Presentations\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Abstracts\">Abstracts\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Ext-Pubs\">Extension Publications<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2>Extension Publications<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Joo, H.S., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, G.M. Neerackal, X. Wang, J.H. Harrison. 2015. Manure Management Practices for Mitigation of Gaseous Emissions from Naturally Ventilated Dairy barns. Proceedings for Waste to Worth 2015 \u201cAdvancing Sustainability in Animal Agriculture,\u201d March 30 \u2013 April 3.<\/li>\n<li>Neerackal, G.M., H.S. Joo, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J.H. Harrison. 2015. Mitigating Ammonia Emissions from Dairy Barns through Manure-pH Management. Proceedings for Waste to Worth 2015 \u201cAdvancing Sustainability in Animal Agriculture,\u201d March 30 \u2013 April 3.<\/li>\n<li>Wang, X., H.S. Joo, G.M. Neerackal, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2015. Direct versus Indirect Methods for Ventilation Rates Measurement in Naturally Ventilated Livestock Buildings. Proceedings for Waste to Worth 2015 \u201cAdvancing Sustainability in Animal Agriculture,\u201d March 30 \u2013 April 3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa P.<\/strong> 2014. Expert clarifies differences between human waste &amp; livestock manure. Dairyland News, Yakima Valley and Whatcom Editions.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa P.<\/strong> 2014. Composted livestock manure produces nutrient-rich crop, pasture and home garden organic fertilizer. Dairlyland News; Yakima Valley and Whatcom Editions.<\/li>\n<li>Joo H., <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, J. Harrison, E. Whitefield, A. Heber, J. Ni. 2013. Potential air quality impacts of anaerobic digestion of dairy manure. From Waste to Worth: \u201cSpreading\u201d Science and Solutions. From Waste to Worth: \u201cSpreading\u201d Science and Solutions; April 1-5, 2013; Denver, Colorado.<\/li>\n<li>Embertson N., G. Pruitt, H. Tahat, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2013. Model of a Successful Regulatory-Industry Partnership to Address Air Emissions from Dairy Operations in Yakima, WA. From Waste to Worth: \u201cSpreading\u201d Science and Solutions. From Waste to Worth: \u201cSpreading\u201d Science and Solutions; April 1-5, 2013; Denver, Colorado.<\/li>\n<li>Sun, J. H. Harrison, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H. S. Joo, E. Whitefield, K. Johnson. 2013. Ammonia emissions from eight types of dairy manure during storage. From Waste to Worth: \u201cSpreading\u201d Science and Solutions; April 1-5, 2013; Denver, Colorado.<\/li>\n<li>Smith S., <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2012. Hydrogen Sulfide Concentrations in Biogas from Dairy Manure Digesters.<\/li>\n<li>Sun, J.H. Harrison, E. Whitefield, <strong>P. Ndegwa<\/strong>, H. S. Joo. 2012. Effect of manure source on ammonia emission on first day of application. ADAS. Joint Annual Meeting. Phoenix, AZ.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, &amp; N. Embertson. 2011. Air Quality Best Management practices (BMPs) Selection Matrix. Dairy Air Quality Management Pilot Project.<\/li>\n<li>Embertson, N., &amp; <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2011. Best Management Practices (BMPs) Score Sheet. Dairy Air Quality Management Pilot Project.<\/li>\n<li>Embertson, N., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, G. Pruit, H. Tahat. 2011. Descriptions of Best Management Practices (BMPs). Dairy Air Quality Management Pilot Project.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, Embertson, N., &amp; Harrison, J.H. (2011). Airborne cow allergen, ammonia and particulate matter at homes vary with distance to industrial scale dairy operations: an exposure assessment: D\u2019Ann L Williams, Patrick N Breysse, Meredith C McCormack, Gregory B Diette, Shawn McKenzie and Alison S Geyh. Environmental Health, 2011, 10:72: Review\/rebuttal.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, Joo, H.S., Harrison, J.H., Whitefield, E.M., Heber, A.J., &amp; Ni, J.-. (2011). Impact of Anaerobic Digestion on Air Quality.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2009. Important Air Emissions from Dairy Operations vis-\u00e0-vis the Prevailing Federal Statutes (Handbook).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M. <\/strong>2008. \u201cMitigating Ammonia Emissions From Animal Agriculture,\u00a0<a title=\"http:\/\/connect.extension.iastate.edu\/p65548404\" href=\"http:\/\/connect.extension.iastate.edu\/p65548404\">Streamed Video<\/a> To access this segment via streamed video, click on the link and move the time slider (bottom of screen) to 40:00.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2008. AD101 \u2013 Nutrient Transformations, Nutrient Management, and Benefits (<a href=\"http:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/ad-workshop-ndegwa-ppt.ppt\">PPT<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M. <\/strong>2008. Livestock Industry: Environmental, Health &amp; Legislation Issues (<a href=\"http:\/\/bsyse.wsu.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/06\/Yakima-MeetingNdegwa.ppt\">PPT<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, 2008. Ammonia and Particulate matter emissions from animal feeding operations (<a href=\"http:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/wsu-cp3-meetingndegwa.ppt\">PPT<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Sheffield, R.E, M. Gamroth, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa.<\/strong> 2006. \u201cOdor Management Plan for Northwest Pacific\u201d: Idaho, Oregon, and Washington (<a href=\"http:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/odor-control-for-northwest-dairies.pdf\">PDF<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>Sheffield, R.E., <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2006. Air Sampling for Agricultural Odors. Pacific Northwest Extension Bulletin (<a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/sampling-ag-odors.pdf\">PDF<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong> 2005. Managing ammonia emissions in a dairy (<a href=\"http:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/ammonia-emission\u2026ement-on-a-dairy.pdf\">PDF<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J.H. Harrison.2004. A Guide to preparation of \u201cOdor Management Plans (<a href=\"http:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/omp-dairy.pdf\">PDF<\/a>).\u201d<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ndegwa, P.M.<\/strong>, J.H. Harrison. 2004. An \u201cOdor Management Template (<a href=\"http:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/documents\/2016\/09\/omp-example.pdf\">PDF<\/a>).\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/><\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p> Publications<\/p>\n<p><strong>Quick Links:<\/strong><br \/> <a href=\"#Ref-Journal-Articles\">Refereed Journal Articles<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"#Conf-Papers-Present\">Conference Papers &amp; Presentations\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Abstracts\">Abstracts\u00a0 \u00a0|\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"#Ext-Pubs\">Extension Publications<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"Ref-Journal-Articles\"><\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Refereed\u00a0Journals Articles<\/h3>\n<p>S.S. Coulibaly, M. Apasiku, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, I. A. Bi Zoro. 2019. Growth, reproduction, and life cycle of Eudrilus eugeniae in cocoa and cashew residues. Applied Soil Ecology 143, 153-160.<br \/> Zeb, I., J. Ma, Q. Zhao, F. Mehboob, G.K. Kafle, A. Yaqub, R. Nazir, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>, C. Frear. 2019. Kinetic and microbial analysis of methane production from dairy wastewater anaerobic digester under ammonia and salinity stresses. J. Cleaner Production 219(10): 797-808.<br \/> Woodbury, B.L., R.A. Eigenberg, H.G. Minns, <strong>P.M. Ndegwa<\/strong>. 2018. Data &#8230; <a href=\"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/publications\/\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"more-default\">&raquo; More &#8230;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1351,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-builder.php","meta":[],"wsuwp_university_location":[],"wsuwp_university_org":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1351"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":299,"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/15\/revisions\/299"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"wsuwp_university_location","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wsuwp_university_location?post=15"},{"taxonomy":"wsuwp_university_org","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/labs.wsu.edu\/ndegwa\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wsuwp_university_org?post=15"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}