Two new papers on amphibian disease ecology are out. The first one (de Leon et al. EcoHealth) shows that the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis first appears in northern California Cascades frogs shortly before widespread declines were noticed in the region. The second one (Piovia-Scott et al. Microbial Ecology) shows that more diverse communities of bacterial skin symbionts of amphibians are more effective at limiting the growth of a fungal pathogen.