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Glass Research Providing Risk Reduction for Direct-Feed Low Activity Waste (DF-LAW) Vitrification Plant Startup

  • John Bussey, Natalie Smith-Gray, Nicholas Stone-Weiss, Randall Youngman, Samuel E. Karcher, Malin Dixon Wilkins, Daniel Neuville, John McCloy, “Structure of Cl and F incorporation in aluminoborosilicate glass: sulfate retention, salt formation, and other properties,” Journal of Physical Chemistry B, Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 129(48), 12529-12550 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.5c05804
  • John M. Bussey, Ian A. Wells, Natalie J. Smith-Gray, John S. McCloy, “In-line Detection of Salt Formation during Vitrification with Millimeter Wave Radiometry and Interferometry,” Measurement, 242, 116266 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2024.116266
  • John McCloy, John Bussey, Malin C. J. Dixon Wilkins, “Fluorine K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Glasses, Minerals, and Salts Related to Nuclear Science,” MRS Advances, 10(15), 1868-1873 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43580-025-01245-4
  • J. McCloy, N. Smith-Gray, J.M. Bussey, N. Stone-Weiss, and R.E. Youngman, “Fluorine in Complex Alumino-Boro-Silicate Glasses: Insight into Chemical Environment and Structure,” Inorganic Chemistry, 63(10), 4669-4680 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04281
  • X. Xu, R. Saini, E. Koray Akdoğan, J.S. McCloy, and A. Goel, “Corrosion behavior of Monofrax K-3 refractory in borosilicate-based model low activity waste glass melts,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 106(6), 3375-3395 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.19021
  • N. Smith-Gray, J.M. Bussey, and J.S. McCloy, “Microstructural examination of interactions between chromia-based refractory and nuclear glass in a melter,” Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 105(12), 7760-7769 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.18706
  • N. Smith-Gray, N. Stone-Weiss, S. Karcher, J. Evarts, J. Sly, J. Bussey, and J. McCloy, “The S solubility of Cr and Al containing simulated low-activity waste glass,” Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 597, 121924 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2022.121924
  • N. Smith-Gray, I. Sargin, S. Beckman, and J. McCloy, “Machine learning to predict refractory corrosion during nuclear waste vitrification,” MRS Advances, 6(4), 131-137 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43580-021-00031-2
  • N. Smith-Gray, J. Lonergan, and J. McCloy, “Chromium and vanadium incorporation in sulfate-containing sodium aluminoborosilicate glass,” MRS Advances, 6(4), 138-148 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43580-021-00034-z
  • see also previous work on salt phase formation: